PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.